South Korea (Repulbic of Korea) has a major initiative which appears to be aimed at designing and building mini satellites. Their past missions inlcude FIMS/SPEAR (built with SSTL) and their mission (using a Korean launcher) crashed. They are currently working on a near IR sky survey mission.
South Korea has invested a large amount of money in building
a launch pad located on one of the Southern Islands. The relevant
agences are
Korean Aerospace Research Institute
Brazil
Brazil has had a bit of checquered history in rocketry and almost no
history in space based astronomy. The Alcantara launch center is
only 2 degrees south of the Equator (better than SHAR of India, located
14 degrees North of the Equator). The Brazilian space program involves
a high degree of collaboration with China and primarily focused
on remote sensing.
The only astronomy project which we are aware of is
MIRAX
. MIRAX aims to observe the Galactic center and bulge regions
in the energy range, 2--200 keV (essentially using two sets of
coded aperture masks instruments). The total mass is 200 kg and
the consumption is 240 W. The estimated cost is pegged at $10M.
It seems to be under development since 2002.